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#25
05-06-2008, 02:16
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History
Main article: Military history of Turkey See also: Military of the Ottoman Empire [edit] Foundation of the Republic of Turkey  Turkish Army Seal The Turkish Army has its foundations in remnant Ottoman forces inherited after the fall of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I. The rise of Turkish nationalism in Anatolia, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, led eventually to victory in the Turkish War of Independence, and subsequently to the founding of the Republic of Turkey, when these remnant forces were reorganized into the modern Turkish Army.[3] [edit] Cold War Era The Turkish Army participated in the Korean War as a member state of the United Nations, suffering 731 deaths in combat out of the 5000 soldiers of the Turkish Brigade there, which fought at Kunuri and Kumyangjangni and is credited with saving the U.S. 2nd Infantry Division from encirclement.[4] Following its membership of NATO on February 18, 1952, the Republic of Turkey initiated a comprehensive modernization program for its Armed Forces. In July 1974, the Turkish Armed Forces intervened against a coup in Cyprus, organized by EOKA-B and led by Nikos Sampson who ousted the democratically elected Cypriot President Archbishop Makarios III in order to establish Enosis (Union) between Greece and Cyprus. The coup was backed by the Greek military junta in Athens.  Turkish troops during a NATO exercise The military intervention in Cyprus can be divided into two distinct Turkish offensives, the first being Attila 1, which commenced in the early hours of July 20, 1974, with an amphibious landing force forming a beachhead at Kyrenia's Five Mile Beach (Pentemilli). This landing initially comprised only infantry troops, but was supported by rolling air and naval artillery attacks, and met with limited resistance from the Cyprus National Guard, which was in disarray as a result of the July 15, 1974 coup. The majority of fighting ceased on the 23rd of July, though sporadic clashes continued after this date until the 14th of August.[5] Attila 1 successfully achieved its objective of forming a bridgehead with the Turkish Cypriot enclave of Agyrta-Nicosia.[6] The second Turkish offensive occurred on August 14, 1974, as Greek and Turkish Cypriot representatives met in Geneva to discuss the situation on the island. Despite a UN ceasefire in place (several had already been disregarded)[7], the Turkish Army, massively reinforced from weeks of build-up, launched an all out surprise attack on ill-prepared Greek Cypriot and Greek units. With little answer to the masses of armour, mechanised units, artillery and air support that the Turks could bring to bear, virtually all Greek Cypriot defences collapsed in a matter of days, and by August 16, 1974, Turkish forces, spearheaded by the 28th and 39th Infantry Divisions, had extended to capture some 37% of the island, including the towns of Famagusta, Varosha and Morphou.[8] The conflict in Cyprus resulted in the de-facto division of the island between the Turkish Cypriot controlled north and the Greek Cypriot controlled south. Turkey still maintains troops in Cyprus, since a political solution could not yet be achieved and since many members of the Turkish Cypriot community fear a return to the intercommunal violence which occurred between 1963 and 1974.[9]  Turkish troops during a NATO exercise According to official British military reports in 1974, the Turkish Army included the First Army (II, III, V, and XV Corps), Second Army (IV, VI, and VII Corps) and Third Army (VIII, IX, and XI Corps). There were also three Interior Zones with three recruit training divisions and four recruit training brigades.[10] For a long period, these formations were grouped under the NATO headquarters LANDSOUTHEAST at Izmir, lead by a Turkish Army four-star General. After the fall of the Soviet Union the headquarters became Joint Command Southeast for a period, before becoming Allied Air Component Command Izmir in 2004.[11] Until the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact in 1990, the Army had a static defense mission of countering any possible attack on Thrace by Soviet and Warsaw Pact forces and any attack by the Soviet Transcaucasus Military District on the Caucasus frontier. The Third Army was responsible for holding the Caucasus line with about one third of the Army's total strength of one armoured, two mechanised, and fourteen infantry divisions (1986 data).[12] When the General Staff attempted to shift 120,000 troops to the frontier with Iraq in 1990, they discovered, the writers of the U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies said, that there were serious deficiencies in the Army's ability to respond to crises that could erupt suddenly in distant regions.[13] The Army was even less prepared for a situation requiring the deployment and logistical support of forces in operations beyond Turkey's borders. [edit] Modernization See also: Modern equipment and uniform of the Turkish Army  The Turkish-built T-155 Fırtına 155mm self-propelled howitzer of the Turkish Army  Turkish soldiers in front of an FNSS Pars 8x8 armoured vehicle, produced by FNSS of Turkey  Otokar Yavuz 8x8 armoured vehicle of the Turkish Army, produced by Otokar of Turkey  Otokar Cobra 4x4 armoured vehicle of the Turkish Army, produced by Otokar of Turkey Towards the end of the 1980s, a restructuring and modernization process has been initiated by the Turkish Armed Forces, which still continues today. The final goal of Turkey is to produce indigenous military equipment and to become increasingly self-sufficient in terms of military technologies.[14] Today, the Turkish Army officially claims it can deploy an Army Corps of 50,000 men to conduct joint operations at short notice, and also conduct air assault operations with a lift capability of up to 6 battalions at a time, day and night.[15] In late 2002 the III Corps, with its headquarters near Istanbul, was certified as one of the six NATO High Readiness Force-Land (HRF-L) headquarters and gained the additional title of the Rapidly Deployable Turkish Corps (RDTC). A year later, Jane's Defense Weekly reported on 9 July 2003 that as part of force restructuring, its four existing armies would be reorganized into a Western Army, in Istanbul, and the Eastern Army would replace 2nd Army in Malatya.[16] This plan does not appear to have been carried out. The Army announced plans in mid 2004 to abolish four brigades across Turkey in a move towards making a reality of its long-delayed plan to make units smaller, lighter and more mobile.[17] The arms and equipment of the brigades closed will be kept in depots. The plan involves the disbandment of:
Gen. Büyükanıt, who sent crucial messages regarding the future of the Land Forces, said that the country's own instabilities should also be taken into consideration. He reported that the land forces will shrink considerably within the next eight years. But he said that despite this process, the force's capacities will be increased. "The Land Forces aim at being equipped with new opportunities and capabilities in order to carry out its duty in full strength against a large variety of threats, varying from classical threats to asymmetrical ones. "The targets for our land forces are to be realized through 'Forces 2014' project. This project aims to shrink the forces without undermining its combat capabilities. On the contrary, under the plan the efficiency of the force will increase. "Within this period of time the Land Forces will gradually decrease by 20 to 30 percent in terms of number of personnel and forces formations. It will be equipped with modern arms and war devices as the distinct features of this new formation. Thus the battle capability will be given to high-ranking brigades. Moreover with the Combat Zone Management System, the land tactical map will be numerically formed in real-time or close to real-time and a constant tracking will be provided," said Büyükanıt. (The New Anatolian, Evren Değer, 10 August 2006)[18]At present, the primary main battle tanks of the Turkish Army are the Leopard 2A4 and the M60T. There are also around 400 Leopard 1 and 750 M60 Patton variants in service (excluding the M60T which were upgraded with the 120mm MG253 guns), but the Turkish Army retains a large number of older vehicles. More than 2,800 M48 Pattons are still in service (upgraded with the 105mm M68 guns) though only around 1,300 of these are stored as reserve MBTs,[19] while the rest are mostly transformed into other types of military vehicles (such as cranes, MBT recovery vehicles and logistical support vehicles) or used as spare parts hulks. Turkey plans to build a total of 1,000 new MBTs with the MİTÜP Turkish National Tank Project.[20] [edit] Structure of the Turkish Army The Turkish Army is organised into the following commands:[21]
The commands listed above consist of the following units:[24]
The army's 14 armoured brigades are the most powerful brigades in the restructured organisation; each includes two armoured, two mechanised infantry and two self-propelled artillery battalions.[29] The 17 mechanised brigades each have two armoured, two mechanised and one artillery battalion. The army's nine infantry brigades each have four infantry battalions and one artillery battalion, while the four commando brigades have three commando battalions. [edit] Branch Insignia COMBATANT
[edit] References
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#26
05-06-2008, 12:16
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السلام عليكم
شكرا لك أخي وبإنتظار جديدك واصل
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#27
30-09-2008, 15:00
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صراحةإني أتساءل مع كل هذهالقوة العسكريةلماذا لم يتمكنوا حتى الآن من القضاء على المتمردين الأكراد
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#28
01-10-2008, 03:10
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اقتباس:
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#29
01-10-2008, 09:00
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اقتباس:
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#30
02-10-2008, 02:22
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لا احسدهم ولاكن قوتهم لهم لن نستفيد منها شيء وأن كانو مسلمين , فلديهم عقده من العرب ويقولون حسب نطقهم (عرب خيانات) في اعتقاد منهم بان العرب خانوهم على وقت انهيار الدوله العثمانيه..
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#31
03-10-2008, 08:10
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اقتباس:
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#32
03-10-2008, 13:34
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الجيش التركى جيش محترم وله ثقلة
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#33
05-10-2008, 01:34
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جيش قووي وصلب
ولكن هذي القوة ليست في خدمة الامة الاسلامية شكرااااااا على المعلوماااات تحياااااااااتي المطيري
__________________
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#34
17-10-2008, 07:42
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قوة لا يستهان بها
شكرا على الموضوع الرائع
__________________
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#35
04-12-2009, 16:15
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رد: الجيش التركى الثانى اطلسياالثامن فى العالم
ان الجيش التركي جيش قوي وفعال وله تأثيرة المهم والعالم واتمني ان يكون هذا الجيش في خدمة قضايا الاسلام والمسلمين ...تحية للجبش التركي...وشكراً
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#36
04-12-2009, 16:16
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![Location[1]](images/icons/location[1].gif){kind=icon}
رد: الجيش التركى الثانى اطلسياالثامن فى العالم
 ان الجيش التركي جيش قوي وفعال وله تأثيرة المهم في العالم واتمني ان يكون هذا الجيش في خدمة قضايا الاسلام والمسلمين ...تحية للجيش التركي...وشكراً
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المواضيع المتشابهه
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| الموضوع | كاتب الموضوع | المنتدى | مشاركات | آخر مشاركة |
| ازياء واسلحة الجيش التركي عام 1915 | IF-15C | أرشـــيف الاسلــحـــة العام General archive of weapons | 36 | 17-12-2010 01:19 |
| الجيش التركي حامي العلمانية | يزن شامية | الدراسات والتحاليل الإستراتيجية Strategic Studies and Analysis | 20 | 21-08-2010 22:59 |
| الجيش التركي | قناص الجزائر | قسم الصور والفيديو Photos & Videos Gallery | 12 | 14-05-2010 18:13 |
